Commentarial terms for vibhattis

(English)	(grammar)	(comm. sub-c)
case	vibhatti	vacanaṁ
nominative	paṭhamā	paccattha vacanaṁ
vocative	ālapana	ālapana vacanaṁ
accusative	dutiyā	upayoga vacanaṁ
instrumental	tatiyā	karaṇa vacanaṁ
dative	catutthī	sampadāna vacanaṁ
ablative	pañcamī	nissakka vacanaṁ
genitive	chaṭṭhī	sāmi vacanaṁ
locative	sattamī	bhumma vacanaṁ

• vibhatti: vacanaṁ
• paccattha (pati attha): separate nature / meaning (the meaning of the stem)
• upayoga (upa yoga): combined closely (with the verb)
• nissakkaṁ (ni √sar): go out (from this place); nissarati etasmāti nissakkaṁ
• bhumma (√bhū ma): bhavanti etthāti bhummaṁ (they exist here)

paccattamupayogañca, karaṇaṃ sampadāniyaṃ, nissakkaṃ sāmivacanaṃ, bhummā’lapanamaṭṭhamaṃ (rpsd)

Atthas and their synonyms

• liṅga
• ālapana
• kamma
• kammappavacanīya
• kriyāvisesana
• accantasaṁyoga
• karaṇa
• kattu
• kriyāpavagga
• sahādiyoga
• itthambhūtalakkhaṇa
• aṅgavikāralakkhaṇā
• sampadāna
• apādāna / avadhi
• kāraṇa / hetu / nimitta
• sahayoga
• bhāvalakkhaṇa
• sambandha
• niddhāraṇa
• anādara
• ādhāra / okāsa / ādhikaraṇa

Summary tables

vibhattis and the atthas they express

paṭhamā	dutiyā	tatiyā	catutthī	pañcamī	chaṭṭhī	sattamī
liṅga	kamma	karaṇa	sampadāna	apādāna	sambandha	ādhāra
ālapana	kammappavacanīya	kattu	kāraṇa	kāraṇa	kamma	nimitta
kāraṇa	kriyāvisesana	kāraṇa		karaṇa	karaṇa	kamma
	accantasaṁyoga	kriyāpavagga		sahayoga	kattu	karaṇa
	special cases	sahādiyoga		bhāvalakkhaṇa	apādāna	sampadāna
	kāraṇa	itthambhūtalakkhaṇa			kāraṇa	apādāna
		kamma			ādhāra	niddhāraṇa
		aṅgavikāralakkhaṇa			niddhāraṇa	bhāvalakkhaṇa
		apādāna			bhāvalakkhaṇā	anādara
		ādhāra			anādara	w/ sāmi, issara
					w/ sāmi, issara

• kāraṇa is also called hetu or nimitta
  • nimitta in the sattamī

atthas and the vibhattis that express them

attha	vibhattis
liṅga	paṭhamā
ālapana	paṭhamā
kamma	dutiyā
	tatiyā
	chaṭṭhī
	sattamī
kammappavacaniya	dutiyā
kriyāvisesana	dutiyā
accantasaṁyoga	dutiyā
karaṇa	tatiyā
	pañcamī
	chaṭṭhī
	sattamī
kattu	tatiyā
	chaṭṭhī
kāraṇa, hetu, nimitta	all
kriyāpavagga	tatiyā
sahādiyoga	tatiyā
sahayoga	pañcamī
itthambhūtalakkhaṇa	tatiyā
sambandha	chaṭṭhī
aṅgavikāralakkhaṇa	tatiyā
apādāna	tatiyā
	pañcamī
	chaṭṭhī
	sattamī
ādhāra	sattamī
	chaṭṭhī
	tatiyā
sampadāna	catutthī
	sattamī
kāraṇa	all
sambandha	chaṭṭhī
niddhāraṇa	chaṭṭhī
	sattamī
bhāvalakkhaṇa	pañcamī
	chaṭṭhī
	sattamī
anādara	chaṭṭhī
	sattamī

Vocabulary

sādhaka

nt. (gram) factor which make an action possible; element; cause √sādh + *e + aka ~ adj. effecting, accomplishing ✗ nt. proof ✗

avasāna

nt. ending; finishing; concluding ava + √sā + ana ~

samavāya

masc. coming together; combination; meeting saṃ + ava + √i + *a ✓ masc. event ✗ masc. inherence (of cause in effect, according to brahmanical philosophy) ✗

mita

pp. measured; balanced; limited √mā + ta ✓ adj. of value; in measure; worth as much as √mā + ta ✓

kāṇa

adj. blind in one eye; one-eyed; half-blind ✓ masc. one-eyed man; who is blind in one eye ✓

khañja

adj. lame; limping √khañj + a ✓

apavagga

masc. final delivery, end ✗

padīyati

pr. is given out or presented ✗

silāghati

pr. extols, boasts ✗

avadhi

aor. (+acc) beat; struck; hurt a + √vadh + i ✓ masc. boundary, limit ✗ masc. limit, limitation ✗

niddiṭṭha

pp. defined; designated; explained nī + √dis + ta ✓

mariyāda

adj. keeping the rules; sticking to the boundaries; staying within limits mariyādā + a ~ fem. boundary; border; limit ✓ fem. barrier, dam, embankment ✗

abhividhi

masc. (gram) restriction, inclusion ✗

vikala

adj. mutilated; maimed; crippled; impaired; defective; (comm) separated ✓ adj. in want of, being without ✗

sakhila

adj. kind; friendly sakha + ila ✓

mita

pp. hmeasured; balanced; limited √mā + ta ✓ adj. of value; in measure; worth as much as √mā + ta ✓

samāgañchi

aor. (+instr) was united (with); was associated (with); affiliated (with); connected (with); lit. went together saṃ + ā + √gam + a + i ✓

rājapurisa

king’s man (guards)

sarado

(m.) autumn; season following the rains

dāttaṁ

nt. sickle

Exercise

1. instrumental case
   • tisaraṇena saddhiṃ pañcasīlaṃ dhammaṃ – sahādiyogattha
   • sugandhinā’haṃ gandhena pūjayāmi tathāgataṃ – karaṇattha
   • pūjemi buddhaṃ kusumena’nena – karaṇattha
   • puññena me’tena labhāmi mokkhaṃ – karaṇattha
   • amhehi sambhataṃ puññasampadaṃ – kattvattha
2. dative case
   • namo tassa bhagavato arahato – sampadānattha
   • sabbe devā anumodantu, sabbasampattisiddhiyā – sampadānattha
   • senāsanaṃ paṭisevāmi sītassa paṭighātāya, uṇhassa paṭighātāya – tadatthasampadāna
3. ablative case
   • adinnādānā veramaṇī-sikkhāpadaṃ – apādānattha (virati)
   • avijjāpaccayā saṅkhārā, saṅkhārapaccayā viññāṇaṃ – *hetvattha *
   • āsavakkhayā’vahaṃ hotu, sabbadukkhā pamuñcatu – apādānattha
   • sataṃ samāgamo hotu, yāva nibbānappattiyā – apādānattha (with yāva)
4. genitive / locative case
   • supaṭipanno bhagavato sāvakasaṅgho – sambandhattha chaṭthī
   • yo vadataṃ pavaro manujesu – niddhāraṇattha chaṭṭhī
   • sabbe bhāyanti maccuno – apādānattha chaṭṭhī
   • yattha ca dinna(ṁ) mahapphalamāhu, catusu sucīsu purisayugesu – sampadānattha sattamī
   • imesaṃ tesattatiyā ñāṇānaṃ sattasaṭṭhiñāṇāni sāvakāsādhāraṇāni – niddhāraṇattha chaṭṭhī
   • imameva kāyaṃ pūraṃ nānappakārassa asucino – karaṇattha chaṭṭhī
   • ācariyo me bhante hohi, āyasmato nissāya vacchāmi – kammattha chaṭṭhī
   • imasmiṃ sati idaṃ hoti - bhavalakkhaṇa sattamī
   • surāmerayapāne pācittiyaṃ – nimittattha sattamī

---